Saturday, 24 October 2015

GOVERNMENT REVENUE SHOULD BE REMITTED ON DAILY BASIS ON WORKING DAYS TO THE CONSOLIDATED ACCOUNT.


Government cheques issued for civil servants salaries bounce

Reason:
Deputy Secretary to the Treasury says government cheques bounced as the Treasury struggled to pay salaries for July because Uganda Revenue Authority had not remitted funds to the Consolidated Fund.

REVENUE COLLECTING CENTRES SHOULD REMIT DAILY BALANCES TO THE CONSOLIDATED ACCOUNT. WHY WAIT TO REMIT IT ONCE A MONTH?

Government cheques issued for civil servants salaries bounce

Share Bookmark Print Rating
By Yasiin Mugerwa

Posted  Wednesday, October 14  2015 at  01:00
 
PARLIAMENT. Cheques issued by the government through Bank of Uganda for civil servants’ July salaries, bounced due to insufficient cash in the Consolidated Fund, a senior finance ministry official said.

Deputy Secretary to the Treasury, Mr Patrick Ochailap, told a House committee that government cheques bounced as the Treasury struggled to pay salaries for July because Uganda Revenue Authority had not remitted funds to the Consolidated Fund.


The official also suggested that because of mistakes in the Public Service Ministry, thousands of pensioners who have not been paid for months will have to wait a little longer to get paid. The government had last week committed to pay all pensioners’ dues this week.


Although the current law (Public Finance and Management Act, 2015) which is expected to be amended today, prohibits BoU from giving advances to government without the parliamentary approval, Mr Ochailap said, after the cheques bounced, they had no choice but to request BoU to give government a temporary advance, which it would pay back later, to cover the salaries. 


“We did not raid Bank of Uganda to obtain a temporary advance,” Mr Ochailap said. “We simply asked Bank of Uganda to apply the BoU Act because there were insufficient funds in the Consolidated Fund to pay salaries. We needed Shs600 billion but the [tax] collections covered only Shs420 billion.” 


The government now wants the public finance law amended to allow it, among other disputed amendments before Parliament, access to at least 18 per cent of the recurrent government expenditure as “temporary advances” from BoU.


However, Civil Society’s Budget Advocacy Group (CSBAG) activists led by their coordinator, Mr Julius Mukunda, who presented their views before the Finance Committee yesterday, complained that the proposed government amendments will “perpetuate the abuse of public funds”.


“From the amendments proposed, it is clear that the intention of the Executive is to loosen controls that were put in the PFMA 2015,” Mr Mukunda said. “Removing controls in PFMA has potential to perpetuate gross abuse of public resources... the amendments give discretionary powers to the Executive outside Parliament’s authority.” 


CSBAG and some MPs also warned that the proposals would undermine the oversight role of Parliament and potentially allow BoU to print money for fiscal use which is an undesirable public finance move. 


The MPs also heard that unless Parliament sitting today to consider the amendments accepts to change the law to allow Ministry of Finance to shift money from one vote to another, the money in the Contingency Fund (a sub account created by the current law from which the government can draw money outside of strict budget votes) will not cover the Shs50 billion to Shs60 billion needed to pay the pensioners. 


The contingency fund to cover unplanned expenses was established to cure the perennial problem of supplementary requests. 


Asked why government seems to be so unusually out of pocket, Mr Ochailap said: “We have the money for pensioners but some votes received more than others. This mistake was done by officials in the Ministry of Public Service not Ministry of Finance. We brought the amendments to Parliament because we want to move money from one vote to another so as to address these challenges.” 


But MPs led by Jack Sabiiti (Rukiga) and the Budget Committee chairperson Amos Lugoloobi, however, said, the proposed amendments erode the mandate of Parliament to appropriate resources in the Budget and insisted that “some of the proposed amendments are calling for chaos”. 


“If there is no money in the Contingency Fund, what stops you from coming to Parliament and we give you money?” Mr Lugoloobi asked. “These proposals came from you to stop leakages and abuse of public funds. We cannot bring back inefficiency.” 


The law which is being amended was assented to by the President on February 23 after the government failed in its attempts to repeal the Budget Act, 2011 which would have rendered Parliament’s Budget Office redundant. It took the intervention of Speaker Rebecca Kadaga and other outspoken MPs to stop government’s plan, which former Public Accounts Committee chairman Nandala Mafabi and others said would have undermined the role of Parliament in the budgeting process. 


Mr Mathias Nsubuga (Bukoto South) said: “I am disappointed with the government. It took us time to make this law but hardly a year, they want it amended to create another group for supplementary budgets because the appetite for money is high. This is wrong.”


Although the current law says supplementary budget are drawn from the contingency fund, the government wants to create another window for supplementary budgets. They want the law amended to provide that where funds are insufficient to finance the supplementary budget, the supplementary shall be financed by a re-allocation of the funds of the annual Budget but without the safety valve of parliamentary appropriation. MPs said this takes away the constitutional mandate of Parliament in the allocation of public funds.
Yesterday, the Finance committee rejected a government proposal to repeal the certificate of gender and equity under Section 13 (15) (g) of the current law act after women activists and Equal Opportunities Commission complained that this would be a huge disappointment to the equity, gender and women’s rights fraternity.


Junior minister for Planning, Mr David Bahati, who was at Parliament to defend the government amendments ahead of today’s special sitting, said: “We wanted MPs to be aware of the challenges we have faced in the implementation of the law.” 


Last evening, BoU declined to comment on why they agreed to advance money to the government without the parliamentary approval as is required by law.


BoU Communications director Christine Alupo told Daily Monitor: “Please refer the inquiry to the Ministry of Finance, Planning and Economic Development.”

Budget Act, 2001
Speaker of Parliament Rebecca Kadaga in 2012 appealed to MPs to block attempts by Ministry of Finance to cancel the Budget Act, 2001, saying Parliament would be rendered irrelevant in the budgeting process. Government’s draft Public Finance Bill, 2012 (now PFMA) sought to repeal the Budget Act 2001. But MPs agreed with Ms Kadaga that it would undermine their role in the budgeting process. The MPs would later vote to maintain the Budget Act.
ymugerwa@ug.nationmedia.com
 

Friday, 23 October 2015

LEMON GRASS


Lemongrass

Lemongrass 
Lemongrass is a plant that is commonly used in Asian cuisine but which may provide therapeutic and medical benefits. Easily available from any ethnic store, health food store, online merchant or in the seasoning aisle of the supermarket, its anti-bacterial, anti-microbial, antioxidant and therapeutic properties make lemongrass a useful alternative or complementary remedy for a wide spectrum of common ailments. Whether using the dried leaves steeped to make tea or the extracted essential oil, lemongrass produces considerable benefits.

What is lemongrass?

Lemongrass is a perennial plant with thin, long leaves and is indigenous to India and other areas of the Asian continent including Cambodia, Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand and Vietnam. It is also common in Ceylon, Central America, China, Guatemala, India, Java, Madagascar, Sri Lanka, the West Indian islands and Zambia. There are more than fifty varieties of lemongrass but not all are suitable for consumption or medical use. The lemongrass plant usually reaches heights of three feet or one meter and is found mainly in the wild.
Lemongrass has long being used as a flavoring in Asian style cooking. When added to recipes, the citrus-like flavor of the lemongrass herb powder or dried leaf adds a unique element to the meal. Though lemongrass is more widely known for its use as tea, it may be added to curries, beef, fish, poultry, seafood and soups.

Alternative names

The name of the lemongrass plant is purported to be due to its lemony scent and taste. There are over fifty species of lemongrass but the scientific names for the ones more commonly used for cooking and healing are cymbopogon citratrus and cymbopagon flexuosus. In India it is more popularly referred to as choomana poolu. There are many other common names by which lemongrass is known. These include andropogon citratus, barbed wire grass, British Indian lemongrass, Ceylon citronella grass, citronella, citronella grass, citronnelle de Java, East Indian lemongrass, Guatemala lemongrass, hierba Luisa, Hierba de Limón, Indian Melissa, Indian Verbena, Madagascar Lemongrass, silky heads, tanglad, te-de-limon, Verveine Indienne and West Indian lemongrass. Some of these names are culturally specific. In the Caribbean it is known widely as fever grass, attesting to its traditional use to relieve the symptoms of fever.

Properties

The main chemical component found in lemongrass is citral, an aromatic compound, also known as lemonal. Citral is used in perfumes because of its lemon odor. It is the presence of citral which accounts for lemongrass’ lemon scent. It is an antimicrobial and therefore effective in destroying or inhibiting microorganisms. Citral also contains antifungal properties. This chemical has pheromonal qualities, which explains its industrial use as an insect repellant. It also has a positive effective on the body’s ability to use Vitamin A. The compounds myrcene, citronellal, geranyl acetate, nerol and geraniol are found in varying quantities in Citral. Myrcene, geraniol and nerol contribute to lemongrass’ strong fragrance, citronella acts as an insecticide and geranyl acetate is another flavoring agent. Lemongrass has rubefacient properties, meaning that it may be able to improve blood circulation.

Production

Lemongrass grows year-round in tropical climates with warm temperatures. Mature plants can be as short as two feet and may reach as high as four feet tall. The plant usually grows wild and is easily promulgated. Lemon grass does not usually produce seeds. It is reproduced with portions of the root. Lemongrass can survive in outdoor or indoor environments, provided that there is adequate sunlight, the soil is adequately nourished and it is given plenty water. Lemongrass has a citrus-like (lemon) smell.

Preparation

The most common preparation of lemongrass for tea consumption involves picking and leaving the leaves to dry. The dried leaves are brewed in hot water for a few minutes. After straining the leaf residue, any desired sweetener may be added. For flavoring recipes the crushed or pulverized dried leaves are added during meal preparation. It can add a unique citrus flavor to culinary concoctions.

Medicinal uses

Natural Lemongrass 
Lemongrass has been reported to have innumerable therapeutic and other health benefits. Widely used to alleviate certain respiratory conditions including laryngitis and sore throats, lemongrass has earned a reputation for its anti-pyretic property which reduces high fevers. Called fevergrass in some cultures the vapor is inhaled, leading to increased perspiration and eventually the complete removal of fever.
Lemongrass has powerful pain relieving properties. It helps to alleviate muscle spasms by relaxing the muscles thereby leading to the reduction of pain-related symptoms. It is thus useful for all types of pain including abdominal pain, headaches, joint pains, muscle pains, digestive tract spasms, muscle cramps, stomachache and others. This remedy has also been linked to increasing the body’s ability to repair damaged connective tissue such as cartilage, ligaments and tendons and is thus recommended for these types of injuries. Another related benefit is for improvements in blood circulation.

As an antifungal and antibacterial, lemongrass inhibits bacteria and yeast growth. For this it is useful for gastrointestinal infections and may also be applied externally to wounds as it fights germs. As an antioxidant lemongrass, contributes to liver and pancreatic health by helping the body to more quickly remove toxins. It has also being linked to lowered or normalized cholesterol levels. It also treat digestive issues including gastro-enteritis and may be helpful in relieving constipation.

Some sources suggest that lemongrass has antidepressant properties and is thus beneficial for nervous and stress-related conditions. It is said to be helpful in alleviating anxiety and depressive symptoms. It helps to strengthen the nervous system and may thus be useful for conditions such as Parkinson’s disease.

The presence of Vitamin A in lemongrass makes it helpful for skin issues such as acne pimples. It helps to brighten the skin and eyes and clear up oily skin thus improving acne. Its antibacterial property is also valuable for skin infections. Lemongrass may improve poor body odor by controlling excessive sweating.

One research conducted at the Ben Gurion University in Israel has found possible benefits of the citral found in lemongrass on cancer. It reveals that this compound may contribute to the death of cancer cells with no noted negative effect on normal cells.

21st OCTOBER 2015 MARKED 17 YEARS OF MTN Uganda.

MTN Uganda is congratulated upon the role and contribution to the communication sector and the innovation of Mobile Money and hence its contribution to the country's development.



MTN Uganda continues its Leadership, Investment and Contribution to the socio-economic development of Uganda.
05/03/2015
MTN Uganda yesterday announced the Group Performance Report that highlighted the key achievements of the MTN Group and MTN Uganda results for the year ended 2014.

For over 16 years, MTN has consistently invested in the future potential of Uganda. The investment has transcended across the network and its accompanying infrastructure, employment, the brand, business and entrepreneurship as well as continued investment in communities across Uganda. MTN’s ownership has also remained consistent over this period which has created stability and affirms our commitment to Uganda.

We are happy to report that we were able to achieve a 100% roll out of 157 2G sites and 140 co-located 3G sites. MTN Uganda invested to the tune of over 94 billion shillings in its network infrastructure, with the primary objective of increasing access to data in Uganda coupled with increased access to affordable 3G handsets to facilitate a steady migration from 2G to 3G technology, for a richer customer experience.  

MTN Uganda registered a positive performance for the year ending 31 December 2014, increasing its subscriber base by 18% to 10.4 million. This increase was driven by a growth in the uptake of bundled voice products, improved 3G coverage and an increased take up of MTN Mobile Money. Total revenue increased by 6, 8%, supported by a 36, 6% increase in data revenue. By year end, data contributed 9% to total revenue. MTN Mobile Money continued to perform well and recorded a 40, 9% increase in registered subscribers to 7, 3 million.  Mobile Money usage was stimulated by a wider mobile payment product range and a new enhanced technology platform.

MTN Uganda also took a bold step and partnered with Ericsson to invest over 14 billion Uganda shillings in the implementation of the biggest financial system migration project in Uganda. The primary objective of this project was to improve Customer experience and ensure the stability and security of the Mobile Money financial service for all Ugandans. This fuelled the increase in our Mobile Money subscriber base which resulted in Mobile Money revenues becoming our 2nd biggest revenue stream.

In line with our commitment to providing value driven solutions to our customers, MTN partnered with Jubilee Insurance to provide much needed life insurance, at affordable rates, to ordinary Ugandans through the MTN Life care insurance offer.

We were also able to open 17 fully kitted Service Centres and Connect Stores which we believe will bring our full complement of services closer to communities across Uganda. In our effort to extend our reach and make it convenient for Ugandan’s to access our services, MTN and its partners operates 16 Connect Stores that offer similar services to those offered in MTN Service Centres. 

In addition, we have invested in a mobile service centre with the primary intent of reaching more customers in remote areas. We have also contracted over 122 Retail outlets to distribute MTN products and services, in line with the intent to increase access to our offering. With the largest 24/7/365 Customer contact centre, with over 500 staff, speaking in more than 7 languages; MTN is dedicated to ensuring that our customers’ queries are resolved in the shortest time possible.

In partnership with the UCC, MTN Uganda took the lead and implemented the first ever Content Management and Billing solution to empower customers to block or unsubscribe spam messages through a Do-Not-Disturb service using the short code *196#. This has resulted in an improved overall customer experience.

In addition MTN has implemented the UCC directive to harmonize its Short Codes to *130* and *131#.  This harmonization process will take several months with the old codes continuing to be in operation, whilst MTN embarks on an intensive and nationwide customer education campaign aimed at ensuring that all its customers are aware of the changes and do not have their services disrupted whilst this migration happens.

MTN continued to meet its annual financial obligations to the Rural Communications Development Fund (RCDF), an initiative of the UCC that is aimed at the digitization of rural Uganda.

MTN Uganda has continuously complied with its tax obligations, winning several awards over the years from the Uganda Revenue Authority, as the largest revenue contributor in the country. In addition MTN Uganda is also committed to corporate governance and high ethical standards with a zero tolerance policy towards fraud and corruption.

In 2015, MTN Uganda will continue to take its leadership seriously and leverage the MTN Group resources and capabilities to benefit Uganda. This will enable us to continue to invest in the best network infrastructure and systems, enabling a world class customer experience for our customers. 

Our key focus areas in 2015 will be:
    Enabling increased access to Data services through the continued investment in the 3G network
    Driving increased financial inclusion through a seamless and secure Mobile Money experience
    The introduction of affordable 3G devices to enrich our customers mobile experience 
    Developing deeper and more meaningful partnerships with SMEs
    Enabling increased access to digital platforms to facilitate self-service
    Continue to care for Communities through our CSR initiatives
MTN Uganda is committed to Uganda, enriching the lives of its people and its continued development in line with our Brand promise to deliver a bold new digital world to Uganda.
-Ends-

About MTN Uganda
Launched in 1998, MTN Uganda is the leading communications operator in Uganda, offering Mobile and Fixed telecommunications, Mobile Money Services and Internet Service Provisioning. As of 31 March 2014, MTN Uganda recorded 9.5 million subscribers across Uganda. Visit us at www.mtn.co.ug and for our football fans www.mtnfootball.com. Customers can also follow us on www.youtube.com/mtnug and www.twitter.com/mtnug for assistance.

About the MTN Group
Launched in 1994, the MTN Group is a leading emerging market operator, connecting subscribers in 22 countries in Africa, Asia and the Middle East. The MTN Group is listed on the JSE Securities Exchange in South Africa under the share code: “MTN.” As of 31 March 2014, MTN recorded 210.1 million subscribers across its operations in Afghanistan, Benin, Botswana, Cameroon, Cote d’Ivoire, Cyprus, Ghana, Guinea Bissau, Guinea Republic, Iran, Liberia, Nigeria, Republic of Congo (Congo Brazzaville), Rwanda, South Africa, Sudan, South Sudan, Swaziland, Syria, Uganda, Yemen and Zambia. More info on www.mtn.com

For more information, please contact:

Justina Ntabgoba on +256 (0) 312 121 064 or ntabgoj@mtn.co.ug
Wendy Angu' Deyo on +256 (0) 312 120 762 or angudew@mtn.co.ug

Wednesday, 21 October 2015

CAN UGANDA INTRODUCE THE CHINESE BAMBOO?



http://donmillereducation.com/journal/the-chinese-bamboo-tree/






 A joint study by the Chinese Academy of Forestry (CAF), the International Network for Bamboo and Rattan (INBAR), and CIFOR has examined the impacts of national policy changes on the bamboo sector in Anji County, Zhejiang Province, where bamboo has a long tradition and is important in the local economy. The purpose was to investigate the potential contribution of bamboo cultivation, harvesting and processing to rural development, given an appropriate policy and economic environment. The project has compiled general county-level information and details on 200 households and dozens of industries.

Preliminary analysis shows that a series of policy changes have cleared the main bottlenecks in the sector, providing the incentives and opportunities to intensify production of raw material with little increase in land area, and to diversify production towards increased shoot output. Because the changes were implemented gradually, and frequently tested on a small scale, major disruptions have been avoided. Success and a smooth transition have been facilitated by a sequence that has moved initially from reforming the production of raw material to subsequent changes in marketing, processing and foreign trade. The bamboo sector is currently experiencing a big expansion in China to meet the demand of both its huge internal market and increasing exports. The next stage in the research will try to characterise different situations by selecting important bamboo production counties rangingfrom the more developed Zhejiang in the east to the central province of Hunan, to the western, less-developed province of Sichuan. The general situation in the counties is characterized by an unmet demand for raw bamboo resources from different processing industries, leading to intensification and, wherever possible, expansion of bamboo plantations. The private management of bamboo under the "household responsibility system" is now well established and the industry is working under a basically market economy system, with some checks and balances from the State.

Each county displays special features related to the extension, type and intensity of bamboo management and, even more so, to the type of associated processing industry. Daoming township (Sichuan province) produces bamboo mainly for labor-intensive handicrafts. It is grown mostly around farmers' houses. In Muchuan (Sichuan province), severely degraded slopes have been recovered by planting bamboo and the product is mainly used for pulp and paper. Bamboo areahas increased 400 percent in 15 years. Policies to encourage intensification, coupled with long-term contracts under the household responsibility system, have promoted the planting of bamboo in place of Chinese fir in Taojiang county (Hunan province). One of the areas with the highest income from bamboo is Linan county (Zhejiang province) which specialises in bamboo shoot production. Average yearly household income from bamboo shoots, in villages specialising in bamboo shoots, amounts to US$2,500, with some above US$10,000. By examining the situations in each of these counties, the project seeks to characterize the favorable conditions which improve the livelihoods of the Chinese bamboo farmers and expand the possibilities for their bamboo production.

Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)

UGANDA CAN MAKE BETTER THE LOSS OF US$40M DUE TO COFFEE DISEASE LAST YEAR.

LAST YEAR UGANDA LOST US$40M DUE TO COFFEE DISEASE.

If it is true that in just Coffee, the country lost $40m, it is just logical that a serious Government would react to such a situation by recruiting Extension and Agricultural Advisory Officers, not soldiers.

Many coffee farmers are looking for remedies to prevent coffee wilt disease which has affected yields

Coffee Wilt Disease, tracheomycosis or vascular wilt disease, is caused by a fungus (Fusarium xylarioides). Previously the disease only occurred sporadically in Africa but in the last decade or so it has become virulent, sweeping across Cameroon, the Congo and into Uganda. 

LOCAL INITIATIVE TO MANAGE THE DISEASE
One of the longest-surviving crop diseases in Uganda is the Coffee Wilt Disease (CWD), a fungal infection that wiped out more than 12 million robusta coffee trees in central and western Uganda regions towards the end of the 20th Century.
The hardest-hit sub-regions by CWD—which erupted in Uganda in 1993—were Buganda, Ankole, Bunyoro, Tooro, parts of West Nile and Busoga.
And, in the Buganda sub-region—Luweero District registered one of the highest tolls visited on some of the country’s largest robusta coffee plantations found in Bamunanika and Katikamu counties.
The CWD, whose scientific name is tracheomycosis or vascular wilt disease, is caused by a fungus (Fusarium xylarioides).
Previously, the disease occurred sporadically in Africa but in the last decade or so, it has become virulent, sweeping across Cameroon, the Congo and into Uganda.

How I overcame
Adams Byaruhanga, a resident of Kikasa village, Bukalasa Parish in Wobulenzi, Katikamu County, Luweero District, is a smallholder coffee farmer who has experienced a hard time with CWD. He decided to engage in an intensive search for the cause, effects and possible solution to the CWD menace, within his limits.
He says with two acres of coffee, he used to earn good money every season of harvests and sales, until around 1993-4 when CWD invaded the area.

“Ever since I settled in that area in 1977 while working for the agriculture department, I found Bukalasa Agricultural College—near his home – a vibrant beehive of agricultural activities with healthy demonstration gardens mainly of coffee that were highly inspiring.
“I took up coffee and within a short time I had established a coffee shamba on the two acres of land I had bought. The late 1970s through to the early 1990s, my coffee farming and business boomed,” he recalls with nostalgia.
“But with the emergence of the disease, which we did not know by name and cause a scare and fear begun to grip us [farmers] and swept across the sub-region like a wildfire.

Motivation
“Remember the area had hardly emerged out of war (that ended in 1986—seven years earlier), and families that were under resettlement, had just rehabilitated their over-grown coffee shambas, and were beginning to earn from their sweat, then came the disease,” says Byaruhanga, adding that the Ministry of Agriculture [whose political head was Dr Wilberforce Kisamba-Mugerwa], was issuing warnings about a new coffee disease called coffee wilt disease. That is when we learnt that it was a fungal infection that spread very fast through the soil and farmers were advised to uproot the affected/infected trees and burn them.
“By the time information spread via extension workers and Radio Uganda (now Uganda Broadcasting Corporation [UBC] Radio), many farmers did not know what had happened to their source of wealth, he goes on.

He embarked on close to 10-year research. “Through studies and close observations, we in Biodiversity Management Training and Research Organisation (BMTARO) have discovered that the primary cause of the coffee wilting is abiotic stress (global environmental warming)-induced impacts on coffee growth and yields.
“This is due to too much, temperature/heat, water/moisture or nutrients stress and shortages. Abiotic stress includes, severe nutrient shortage, nutrient imbalance, soil compaction, moisture-stress, extreme drought and water-logging,” the 63-year-old farmer says.

He argues that the fungal infection, Fusarium xylarioides, is just a secondary cause or opportunistic infection that takes advantage of environmental damage already done to a crop.
“Among all these factors, prolonged extreme temperature/drought-induced stress has the biggest impact on coffee growth and yield.
“Its intensity and duration and the physiological stage of the coffee, are key factors that influence the susceptibility of the crop to pests and disease infection and infestation like Fusarium xylarioides,” Byaruhanga further argues.

Abiotic stress, he insists, weakens coffee predisposing it to biotic (pests and disease) stress factors (‘secondary invaders’) which is mainly fungal in nature.
He says BMTARO research studies found that the subsequent root-cause of crop-mortality (death) is an interaction of the combined stresses (abiotic and biotic).

Interventions
There is no magic strategy that can control crop mortality, says Byaruhanga, adding that production of high quality organic coffee (grown without spraying pesticides/fungicides and without industrial fertilisers etc) necessitates addressing all potential stresses simultaneously and holistically.
He says, “We’ve realised that we have to stem the loss of nutrients in soils by introducing charged-carbon (charcoal dust) over the soils, that will ensure long term-water and nutrient availability under charcoal dust.

“We are promoting what we call the Carbon Negative Climate-Smart Organic Agriculture (CANCSOA) strategies, deliberately aimed at controlling the root cause of the problem, to save the remaining crop.
“And we have also established permanent soil-cover with vegetative (lima beans, velvet beans, jack beans) or dead mulch of plant leaves and compost manure,” he contends.

“Additionally, BMTARO is promoting minimum/no tillage of soils; modified implements and establishing hedge-rows,” adds Byaruhanga. Todate, CWD has caused an estimated loss of more than 200 million coffee trees, according to joint findings by National Agricultural Research Organisation and the Agriculture Ministry.
Since then, Naro through NACORI has been developing resistant coffee varieties, something they achieved around 2006 with a breakthrough of seven new CWD-resistant conventionally-bred lines now being mass-propagated via tissue culture and supplied via the Naads and Operation Wealth Creation.

According to the Uganda Coffee Development Authority (UCDA), the wilt has mainly affected the native, lowland robusta variety which coffee accounts for over 90 per cent of Uganda coffee output and export. And, since 1993 Coffee Wilt Disease has destroyed more than 12 million plants.

Arabica coffee only accounts for 10 per cent of production. The National Coffee Policy (2013) also takes cognizance of the adverse effect of the CWD of coffee output. In its 2.2.1 sub-section on Coffee production and productivity, the Policy states, “… In Uganda, coffee production has stagnated at three million bags per year over the last 40 years. Smallholder farmers dominate coffee production with average holdings estimated at 0.33ha per household. There is limited estate production….. This is attributed to inadequate funding for research to enable the development and dissemination of new technologies, poor agronomic practices (low input-low output farming system), inefficient research-extension-farmer linkages, incidence of CWD on Robusta, which destroyed more than 50 per cent of the old Robusta trees among other causes…”

The National Coffee Policy under section 2.4 on Emerging issues, further identifies one of the main emerging issues including climate change, “… it has implication on changing production patterns and increased incidence of pests and diseases.” In a bid to strengthen and expand coffee research and development in Uganda, Naro in 2014 upgraded its former coffee research centre (COREC) at Kituza in Mukono, to a fully-fledged National Coffee Research Institute (NaCORI) status. The President Uganda National Farmers’ Federation (UNFFE), Charles Ogang, also welcomed the move. “I’m very pleased to hear that COREC is now a national institute. Uganda suffered massive losses and suffering from coffee growers ever since the Coffee Wilt Disease (CWD) broke out more than 20 years ago. The upgrade of COREC to national status for us means widening its mandate to improve and speed up research, and deliver a more disease-resistant, higher-yielding and a better-quality crop.

editorial@ug.nationmedia.com

Monday, 19 October 2015

GIVEN THE STATE OF UGANDA'S ECONOMY, PRESIDENT MUSEVENI HAS ONE OPTION JUST TO HEED TO ADVICE OR ELSE ...

GIVEN THE STATE OF UGANDA'S ECONOMY, PRESIDENT MUSEVENI NEEDS TO HEED TO A LOT OF ADVICE.  THE WISH BY HIM TO DO THINGS HIS OWN WAY CANNOT WORK ANY MORE.  IN FACT, THE BUDGET FOR 2015/16 NEEDS SERIOUS REVIEW SO THAT FOCUS IS PUT ON AGRICULTURE VIS A VIS SOME INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENTS AND, HE MUST BE DISPLINED AS REGARDS POURING MONEY TO SUPPORT HIS RE - ELECTION AGENDAS.  IT WILL NOT MAKE SENSE FOR UGANDA TO HAVE TO THINK OUT STRATEGIES OF OVERCOMING THE POST ELECTION INFLATION.

THE PUBLICATIONS KIWANUKA KITUUKA WOULD WISH TO DONATE TO POPE FRANCIS

Below are publications edited and published by Kiwanuka Kituuka.  This is the lot that I would love to donate to the Pope when he visits Uganda in November 2015.